
Life Cycle Analyses

Powertrain Technologies
CARB proposes to amend MY 2024 low NOx standard
Given the lack of MY 2024 compliant new engine introductions, California has proposed an amendment to its low NOx omnibus, providing more flexibility for legacy engines.
CARB deal with OEM on low NOx, electrification – and H2 ICE ?
California and Truck & Engine Manufacturers have reached a deal on low NOx and electrification targets in the state. This paves the way for more regulatory certainty but the challenges ahead are not diminished.
Technology Deepdive : Opposed piston engines
Opposed piston engines are being developed as a tool to reduce CO2 and NOx emissions from heavy-duty trucks. Here’s a deeper look into this technology and recent test results.
U.S. EPA Phase 3 Greenhouse Gas Proposal for Heavy-Duty Vehicles
A downloadable summary of the U.S. EPA announced the Phase 3 GHG proposal for heavy-duty vehicles. From 2027 to 2032, 45% reduction in CO2 emissions for light vocational vehicles and 25% for Class 8 sleeper cabs. Over half of light vocational and a quarter of sleeper cabs expected to be ZEVs by 2032.
When in doubt … ask ChatGPT
Watch this fun video for a take by ChatGPT on the wavering stance of OEMs on BEVs and ICEs
Revised CO2 standards in Europe for heavy-duty vehicles
Europe has proposed an ambitious revision to its heavy-duty vehicle CO2 emission standards. Here’s a summary of some of the revised and new elements
Summary of EPA MY2027 heavy-duty engine standards
The US EPA has finalized its standards for heavy duty engines starting model years 2027 and beyond. Here is a summary of the standards and a high-level comparison with California’s low NOx rule published earlier.
On hydrogen requirements for long haul trucking in the US
We show that to convert 25% of the long-haul truck fleet in the US to hydrogen fuel cell will require doubling of the total H2 demand and doubling of the renewable electricity generation in the US today.

Heavy-Duty
Summary of EV related U.S. Tariffs on Chinese Imports
The Biden Administration has announced significant new tariffs on a range of Chinese-made electric vehicles and related strategic components. Here is a summary.
SAE WCX 2024 – Year in Review
The SAE World Congress was held in Detroit and covered a broad range of topics pertinent to transport decarbonization. Here’s a link to download presentations on emissions and sustainability.
US EPA MY 2027-2032 Heavy-Duty Phase 3 GHG Standards
The U.S. EPA has finalized the Phase 3 GHG rule specifying CO2 emission reductions from heavy-duty trucks and buses over MY 2027 – 2032.
Cummins latest 15L engine capable of meeting MY2027 EPA regulations
Cummins has announced the next generation X15 diesel engine with improved performance and meeting the MY 2027 EPA/CARB Low NOx regulations.
TMC 2024 in Pictures
A visual summary of the TMC Annual Meeting and Transportation Technology Exhibition, held in New Orleans, March 2024.
Summary of Euro 7 Near-Final Regulation
A brief summary of the near-final Euro 7 regulations for light- and heavy-duty vehicles.
Summary of 2024 SAE Government Industry
A summary of select portions of the SAE Government Industry meeting, held in Washington DC, which highlighted the growing concerns of the industry with government mandates and preparedness for tackling the infrastructure barriers and low consumer / fleet acceptance.
On the carbon intensity of ethanol
Recent studies have critically assessed the carbon intensity of ethanol and show that while the fuel has significantly improved over time, significant further improvements are to come.

Emissions Control Technologies

Advanced Fuels & Lubricants
Hybridization of heavy-duty vehicles for meeting European CO2 standards
A summary of a new study highlighting the role hybrids could play in meeting upcoming CO2 standards in Europe, and the implications for electric vehicle share.
Dinex outlines Technologies for Low NOx Non-Road engines
A potential technology pathway for meeting upcoming California low NOx standards for off-highway machinery was shown by Dinex at a recent conference.
Total Cost of Transportation Analysis for a Heavy-Duty Fleet
A new study shows that switching to a Class 8 truck can more than double the total cost of transportation. Here’s a summary.
ACT 2024 in pictures
The ACT Expo, 2024 covered all aspects of the latest technologies for commercial vehicles and provided a unique forum to discuss the “reality” on the ground for the energy transition. Here is a summary in pictures.
How much biofuels can we make, really ?
Lowering the carbon footprint of existing vehicles will require switching to low carbon fuels. The immediate question this raises, is “how much low carbon fuel can we make?” and, “doesn’t using biomass for fuels affect the food production?”
SAE WCX 2024 – Year in Review
The SAE World Congress was held in Detroit and covered a broad range of topics pertinent to transport decarbonization. Here’s a link to download presentations on emissions and sustainability.
Real-world CO2 emissions from cars and vans in Europe are 20% higher than certification values
EU Commission finds real-world CO2 emissions from cars and vans in Europe greatly exceed lab certification values. Plug-in hybrids are not being charged as much as estimated.
US EPA MY 2027-2032 Heavy-Duty Phase 3 GHG Standards
The U.S. EPA has finalized the Phase 3 GHG rule specifying CO2 emission reductions from heavy-duty trucks and buses over MY 2027 – 2032.